ASTORIA, SOUTH DAKOTA

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		43		12.4		17.1		28.9		43.7		56.3		65.4		70.3		68.8		59.5		45.9		30.4		16.5

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		53.3		22		26.5		38		54.9		67.6		76.1		81.3		79.2		70.5		56.8		39.6		25.3

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		32.8		2.8		7.7		19.7		32.4		44.9		54.7		59.4		58.5		48.5		34.9		21.3		7.6

Average Number of Days Above 90F/32C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		4.6		---		---		---		---		0.4		0.6		2.5		1.1		---		---		---		---

Average Number of Days Above 80F/26C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		54.6		---		---		0.1		0.7		3.8		9.8		19		15.2		5.4		0.7		---		---

Average Number of Days Above 70F/21C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		120.1		---		---		0.4		4.2		13.1		23.8		29.8		28		16.1		4.4		0.4		---

Average Number of Days Above 60F/15C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		167.1		---		0.1		1.9		10.5		23.1		28.9		30.9		31		25.6		12.2		2.8		0.1

Average Number of Days Above 50F/10C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		206.1		0.1		0.9		5.5		19.2		29.8		29.9		31		31		29.4		21.5		7.3		0.5

Average Number of Days Above 40F/4C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		242.6		1.7		3.7		12.5		25.3		31		30		31		31		30		28.3		14.5		3.6

Average Number of Days Below 70F/21C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		363.4		31		28		31		30		30.9		29.8		30.1		30.5		30		31		30		31

Average Number of Days Below 60F/15C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		327.1		31		28		31		30		30.4		23.5		16.7		18		26.6		30.9		30		31

Average Number of Days Below 50F/10C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		261.3		31		28		30.9		29.3		22.8		7.2		1.5		2.4		17.5		29.7		30		31

Average Number of Days Below 40F/4C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		208.1		31		28		30.3		23.8		7.8		0.4		---		---		4.7		22		29.1		31

Average Number of Days Below 32F/0C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		170.1		30.9		27.5		26.5		15.2		1.5		---		---		---		0.8		11.6		25.3		30.8

Average Number of Days Below 20F/-6C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		107.9		28.5		22		14		2.7		---		---		---		---		---		1.2		13.6		25.9

Average Number of Days Below 10F/-12C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		62.8		20.5		15.7		6.4		0.3		---		---		---		---		---		---		4.1		15.8

Average Number of Days Below 0F/-17C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		33.5		13.5		8.2		2.8		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.8		8.3

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in.		26.7		0.5		0.5		1.4		2.5		3.4		4.5		3.6		3.2		3.2		2.2		1.1		0.6

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		8489		1631		1341		1120		642		291		77		16		28		206		595		1037		1505

Cooling Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		482		---		---		---		1		20		89		182		148		41		2		---		---

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		2349		---		---		4		55		231		463		631		584		307		69		5		---

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.7		9.8		11		12.5		14		15.4		16.1		15.7		14.5		13		11.4		10.1		9.4

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.8		1.6		2.4		3.5		4.7		5.6		6.1		6.2		5.4		4.1		2.8		1.8		1.4

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.4		0.6		0.9		1.3		1.8		2.2		2.4		2.2		1.9		1.5		1		0.7		0.5

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.4		3.3		3.9		4.5		5		5.1		5.3		5.6		5.4		4.8		4.1		3.3		2.9

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.7		3.4		4		4.5		5.2		5.5		6		6.5		6.1		5.1		4.3		3.4		3.2

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.8		1.6		2.4		3.5		4.7		5.6		6.1		6.2		5.4		4.1		2.8		1.8		1.4

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.5		0.6		0.9		1.4		1.9		2.3		2.5		2.4		2		1.6		1.1		0.7		0.5

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		5.3		3.8		4.9		5.9		6.3		5.9		6.1		6.1		6.1		6.1		5.1		4.2		3.5

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		6.3		4		5.3		6.3		7.6		7.1		8		7.8		7.5		7.2		5.8		4.7		4

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.1		1.4		2.2		2.5		3.9		4.6		5.3		5.1		4.8		3.1		2.1		1.6		1.2

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.3		0.6		0.8		1.2		1.5		2		2.1		2		1.7		1.2		0.9		0.6		0.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.5		2.7		3.3		2.9		3.9		4.2		4.6		4.6		4.7		3.5		2.8		2.8		2.3

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.3		2.6		3.2		2.2		3.4		3.6		4.4		4.4		4.7		3		2.5		2.7		2.3