PALMERSTON NORTH, NEW ZEALAND

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		55.8		64		64.8		61.5		56.5		52.3		48.4		47.3		48.6		51.6		54.3		57.4		61.5

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		63.9		73.2		73.9		70.7		65.5		60.3		55.8		54.7		56.3		59.4		62.1		65.5		70

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		47.5		54.7		55.4		52.3		47.7		44.2		41		39.7		41		44.1		46.6		49.1		53.1

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		90		90		88.3		84.6		78.3		74.5		66.4		66.7		67.6		71.6		77.7		83.3		85.8

Average Number of Days Above 80F/26C

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		25.3		8.4		8.8		4.5		0.2		---		---		---		---		---		0.1		0.3		3

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in.		39		3		3		2.4		3.3		3.5		3.9		3.1		3.5		2.9		3.8		3.3		3.3

Average Evaporation Rate

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		37.4		5.5		4.9		4.2		2.3		1.6		1.3		1.4		1.7		2.3		3.2		4		4.9

Average Rainfall

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		9.8		0.6		0.8		0.6		0.7		0.8		1		0.9		0.8		0.9		0.9		0.8		1

Average Number of Rainy Days

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		170.9		9.8		9.5		11		12.1		15.4		17.1		17.5		17.6		16		16.2		14.2		14.5

Most Rain Reported in a Day

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		3.1		2		3.1		1.1		1.9		1.8		2.3		1.2		1.2		1.5		2		1.6		1.6

Avg. No. of Days w/Rain Above 0.1in/2mm

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		121.7		7.1		6.9		7.7		8.2		9.9		12.2		11.6		13		11.9		11.8		10.3		11.1

Average Number of Days With Frost

Years on Record: 16

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		16.3		---		---		---		0.4		1.3		4.3		4.8		3.5		1.4		0.5		0.1		---

Average Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 33

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		78		73		74		77		81		83		85		84		81		78		75		74		73

Average Morning Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		80.9		75.3		77.7		79.4		81.2		85.8		86.8		86.8		84.6		79.7		80.5		76.7		76

Average Dew Point

Years on Record: 33

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		48		53		54		53		51		46		43		41		42		44		46		48		51

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 33

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		3591.9		62		42.4		124		240		418.5		525		589		511.5		405		325.5		225		124

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 33

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		2132.4		403		381.4		341		210		46.5		---		---		---		45		139.5		225		341

Average Sea Level Pressure

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
InHg		30		30		30		30		30.1		30		30		30		30		30		30		29.9		29.9

Average Vapor Pressure

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
InHg		0.4		0.4		0.5		0.4		0.4		0.3		0.3		0.3		0.3		0.3		0.3		0.4		0.4

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.6		15.2		14.1		12.8		11.5		10.4		9.9		10.1		11.1		12.3		13.6		14.9		15.5

Average Wind Speed

Years on Record: 19

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mph		9.4		9.8		9.6		9.4		8.1		8.5		8.5		8.7		8.7		9.6		10.5		11.2		10.1

Highest Reported Hourly Wind Speed

Years on Record: 15

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mph		28.6		23.7		27		22.7		22.2		22.4		23.6		21.8		24.6		25.7		26		28.6		22

Highest Reported Wind Gust

Years on Record: 13

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mph		68		62.2		68		55.2		48.3		60		57.5		57.5		51.9		60		60		58.8		58.8

Avg. # of Days w/Wind Above 32 mph/52 km/h

Years on Record: 13

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		171.2		15.6		13.7		14.9		10.3		12.4		11.5		12.5		12.5		15.3		18.6		17.9		16

Avg. # of Days w/Wind Above 39 mph/63 km/h

Years on Record: 13

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		50.8		4.5		2.6		4.1		2.1		3.1		4		3.1		3.5		4.7		7.6		7		4.5

Average Primary Wind Direction

Years on Record: 13

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
°		254.1		257.6		236.5		262.3		237.5		254.6		245.9		209.9		276.6		254.9		270.1		269.2		273.8

Avg. # of Days w/Wind Above 59 mph/82 km/h

Years on Record: 13

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		0.7		0.1		0.1		---		---		0.1		---		---		---		0.1		0.1		0.1		0.1

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.7		5.7		5		4		2.9		2		1.7		1.8		2.5		3.4		4.3		5.2		5.6

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.6		2.5		2.2		1.7		1.2		0.8		0.7		0.8		1		1.5		2		2.5		2.7

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.1		5.1		4.9		4.4		3.9		3.2		2.9		3		3.4		3.9		4.4		4.8		4.9

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.9		4.9		4.6		4.2		3.7		3.2		2.9		3.1		3.3		3.6		3.8		4.3		4.6

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.7		5.7		5		4		2.9		2		1.7		1.8		2.5		3.4		4.3		5.2		5.6

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.7		2.6		2.2		1.7		1.2		0.9		0.7		0.8		1.1		1.5		2		2.5		2.7

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.8		5.8		5.6		5.7		4.7		3.7		3.3		3.6		3.9		4.5		5		6.1		5.7

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		5.1		6.2		5.9		6.2		4.9		4		3.6		3.9		4.1		4.4		4.9		7		6.1

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.1		4.4		3.9		3.4		2.5		1.9		1.4		1.5		2.2		3		3.8		4.3		4.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.5		2.4		2.1		1.5		1.1		0.8		0.7		0.7		1		1.5		2		2.2		2.6

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.3		4		3.8		3.6		3.1		2.8		2.1		2.2		2.9		3.4		3.7		4		4

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		2.7		2.9		2.8		2.9		2.7		2.7		2		2		2.7		2.8		2.9		2.9		2.9