PENZA, RUSSIA

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 142

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		40.1		11.8		12.4		22.8		41.4		56.6		64.3		67.8		64.7		53.7		40.5		27.4		17.2

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		50.2		21.7		22.3		32.7		53.8		69.3		76.1		79.5		76.3		64.6		49.5		33.1		23.7

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 67

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		32		4		5		15		33		46		54		58		56		46		34		21		10

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 31

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		100		39		41		57		86		93		100		100		99		95		77		59		45

Lowest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 69

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		-45		-45		-39		-24		---		18		30		41		36		25		---		-33		-31

Average Number of Days Above 90F/32C

Years on Record: 10

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		7.1		---		---		---		---		1.3		0.5		2.7		2.5		0.1		---		---		---

Average Number of Days Below 32F/0C

Years on Record: 10

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		175.1		30.9		27.6		28.7		15.4		2		0.8		---		---		1.8		14		24.6		29.3

Average Number of Days Below 0F/-17C

Years on Record: 10

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		30.7		11.5		9.3		2.7		0.1		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.9		6.2

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 45

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		21.4		1.6		1.2		1.3		1.3		1.6		2.6		2.4		2		2		2		1.9		1.6

Average Number of Days With Sleet

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		12		3		2		1		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.3		2		4

Most Reported Precipitation in a Month

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		28.6		4.1		3.3		2.8		3.2		3.6		5.8		7.9		4.2		6.1		4.2		3.9		3.8

Least Reported Precipitation in a Month

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		12.3		0.1		---		0.1		0.3		0.2		0.2		0.1		0.1		---		---		0.2		0.2

Most Precipitation Reported in a Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		3.2		2.1		0.9		0.9		1.4		1.9		2.1		3.2		1.8		1.6		1.3		1		1.1

Average Number of Rainy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		140		6		5		7		12		14		16		15		14		14		15		13		9

Average Number of Days With Thunderstorms

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		36		---		---		---		1		5		10		11		7		2		0.2		0.1		---

Average Number of Days With Snow

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		106		24		20		14		4		1		---		---		---		0.2		4		16		23

Avg. No. of Days w/Snowfall Above 10in/25cm

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		32		8		9		5		0.2		---		---		---		---		---		0.4		2		7

Average Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		76		85		83		80		68		59		59		70		70		73		80		86		86

Average Dew Point

Years on Record: 10

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		33		6		8		20		34		44		50		56		54		45		35		24		14

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		8861.9		1616.7		1450.6		1275.7		648		227.9		---		---		---		291		720.8		1138.5		1492.7

Cooling Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		153.5		---		---		---		---		---		1.5		116.3		35.7		---		---		---		---

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1929.7		---		---		---		---		237.2		451.5		581.3		500.7		159		---		---		---

Average Station Pressure

Years on Record: 49

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
inHg		29.4		29.4		29.5		29.5		29.4		29.4		29.3		29.3		29.3		29.4		29.5		29.5		29.5

Average Vapor Pressure

Years on Record: 49

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
inHg		0.2		0.1		0.1		0.1		0.2		0.3		0.4		0.5		0.4		0.3		0.2		0.1		0.1

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.9		8.9		10.5		12.5		14.7		16.6		17.7		17.1		15.3		13.2		11.1		9.3		8.3

Average Monthly Sunshine

Years on Record: 49

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		1910.5		41.6		75.8		136.7		200.1		274.6		294.2		299.9		259.1		163		92.1		45.3		28.2

Average Number of Days With Fog

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		31		2		3		3		2		1		1		2		2		4		4		4		3

Average Number of Clear Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		27		2		3		2		2		1		1		1		3		4		3		3		2

Average Number of Cloudy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		152		6		6		11		16		20		21		21		14		12		11		7		7

Average Number of Partly Cloudy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		186		23		22		17		13		9		9		9		11		15		16		21		21

Average Number of Days With Smoke/Haze

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1		---		---		---		0.1		0.2		0.1		0.2		0.1		0.2		0.1		---		---

Average Wind Speed

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mph		9.4		10.9		10.7		10.3		9.6		9.2		9.2		7		7.4		8.5		9.8		10.5		10.5

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.2		0.9		1.7		3		4.3		5.6		5.9		5.7		4.7		3.1		1.7		1		0.6

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.6		0.6		1		1.6		2.1		2.6		2.8		2.7		2.2		1.6		1		0.6		0.4

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.5		1.8		2.9		4.1		4.6		5.1		5.1		5		4.7		3.6		2.5		1.8		1.4

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.4		1.5		2.5		3.5		4.4		5.4		5.4		5.4		4.6		3.3		2.2		1.6		1.2

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.2		0.9		1.7		3		4.3		5.6		5.9		5.7		4.7		3.1		1.7		1		0.6

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.7		0.6		1.1		1.7		2.1		2.6		2.9		2.7		2.3		1.8		1.3		0.8		0.5

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.4		2.1		3.6		4.9		5.3		6.1		6.3		6		5.9		4.8		3.6		2.4		1.7

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.6		1.8		3.2		4.4		5.6		7.1		7.8		7.2		6.5		4.8		3.4		2.2		1.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		2.5		0.7		1.4		2.3		3.7		4.4		4.2		4.9		3.9		2.4		1.3		0.7		0.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.5		0.5		0.9		1.4		2.1		2.5		2.7		2.6		2.2		1.5		0.8		0.5		0.4

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		2.7		1.3		2.3		2.7		3.8		4		3.6		4.3		3.8		2.7		1.7		1.2		1

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		2.2		1.1		1.9		2.2		3.2		3.2		2.6		3.9		3.1		2.1		1.4		0.9		0.8