TAMARAC NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, MINNESOTA

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		39.8		6.1		11.4		24.6		41.1		54.2		63.6		68.3		66.4		56.7		43.4		27.7		11.9

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		50.1		17.4		23.3		35.2		52.2		65.1		73.5		78.2		76.8		67		53.6		36.3		21.1

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		29.4		-5.2		-0.6		14		30		43.4		53.7		58.4		56.1		46.4		33.3		19.1		2.6

Average Number of Days Above 90F/32C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1.9		---		---		---		---		---		0.3		0.8		0.8		0.1		---		---		---

Average Number of Days Above 80F/26C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		33.9		---		---		---		0.2		1.9		5.8		12.2		10.5		2.8		0.4		---		---

Average Number of Days Above 70F/21C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		100.8		---		---		---		2.3		9.8		21.1		27.5		25.6		11.6		2.8		0.1		---

Average Number of Days Above 60F/15C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		152.9		---		---		0.5		8.3		21.9		28.4		30.7		30.7		22.3		8.8		1.2		---

Average Number of Days Above 50F/10C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		193.6		---		0.4		2.8		17.4		28.5		29.9		31		31		28.6		19.5		4.4		0.1

Average Number of Days Above 40F/4C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		231.9		1		2.6		10.3		25.1		30.5		30		31		31		30		27.3		11.3		1.9

Average Number of Days Below 70F/21C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		363.5		31		28		31		30		31		29.7		30.3		30.6		30		31		30		31

Average Number of Days Below 60F/15C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		335.6		31		28		31		30		30		23.5		19.6		22.3		28.2		31		30		31

Average Number of Days Below 50F/10C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		270.3		31		28		31		29.4		24.2		8.4		2		5.3		19.9		30.1		29.9		31

Average Number of Days Below 40F/4C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		219.8		31		28		30.8		25.3		11.1		1		---		0.4		7.1		24.5		29.5		31

Average Number of Days Below 32F/0C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		181.1		31		27.7		28.9		17.5		3.1		---		---		---		1.5		13.9		26.6		31

Average Number of Days Below 20F/-6C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		116.5		29.3		24		18.8		3.6		---		---		---		---		---		1.4		13.3		26.2

Average Number of Days Below 10F/-12C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		82.1		24.8		19.5		11		1		---		---		---		---		---		0.2		6.4		19.4

Average Number of Days Below 0F/-17C

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		54.3		18.6		14.2		5.7		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		2.4		13.5

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in.		26.4		0.8		0.5		1.1		1.6		3.2		4.4		4.2		3.2		3		2.7		1		0.7

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		9544		1826		1502		1252		718		346		106		30		57		272		669		1119		1647

Cooling Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		335		---		---		---		1		12		64		132		101		23		---		---		---

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1980		---		---		1		31		186		410		567		510		233		42		2		---

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.8		9.6		10.9		12.5		14.2		15.7		16.5		16.1		14.7		13		11.3		9.9		9.2

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.6		1.5		2.4		3.5		4.7		5.5		5.8		5.9		5.1		3.7		2.5		1.6		1.2

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.7		0.9		1.2		1.7		2.1		2.5		2.6		2.5		2.2		1.8		1.2		0.9		0.7

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4		2.6		3.8		4.6		4.9		5.1		5		5.2		5.1		4.2		3.3		2.7		2.2

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.8		2.3		3.3		3.9		4.6		5.1		5.2		5.5		5.1		3.8		3.1		2.3		2

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.6		1.5		2.4		3.5		4.7		5.5		5.8		5.9		5.1		3.7		2.5		1.6		1.2

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.8		0.9		1.3		1.8		2.2		2.5		2.7		2.6		2.3		1.9		1.4		1		0.8

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.7		2.9		4.1		5.1		6		5.7		5.9		5.8		5.8		5.2		3.8		2.9		2.5

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.7		2.6		3.7		4.6		6.3		6.3		6.8		6.6		6.3		5.1		3.6		2.6		2.3

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.1		1.3		2.2		3.1		3.9		4.9		5.1		4.8		4.2		3		2		1.5		1

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.6		0.8		1.2		1.6		2.1		2.4		2.6		2.5		2.2		1.7		1.1		0.9		0.7

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.4		2.3		3.3		3.9		4		4.4		4.4		4.2		4.1		3.3		2.6		2.5		1.8

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		2.9		2		2.9		3.1		3.2		3.9		4		3.6		3.4		2.7		2.3		2.1		1.6